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LINUS YALE, or sriarNGisrnLn, Massacrinsie'r'rs.

DOOR-LOCK.

To all whom t may concer/n.:

Be it known that l, LINUS YALE, of Springfield, in the county of Hampdenand State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and use-ful Improvementin Door Locks, which is described as follows,reterence being had to theannexed drawings or the same, making part of this specification.

Figure l is a view of the. front of the lock. Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a plan of the interior of the lock theback plate being removed. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section. Fig.5 is a plan of the pistons. Fig. 6 is a plan of the key. Fig. 7 is asection of same.

The box A and bolt B of this lock are made in the usual manner.

The improvement consists in having a cylinder or circular rim C on theinside of the front plate. of the box fastened thereto in any convenientway, or cast therewith, forming a cylindrical socket, said cylinder orcircular rim being pierced from the outer to the inner circumferencewith round apertures on lines radiating from the center to theperiphery, in which apertures are placed cylindrical pistons D, whichpass through said apertures and enter corresponding apertures in arevolving cylinder or tumbler E, (having a hub or arm) that turns insaid cylindrical socket for locking the bolt as hereafter described,said pistons being kept pressed inward toward the center (against otherpistons F hereafter described) by prings Gr attached to the front plateof the The tumbler E is a simple cylinder ofthe same diameter'as theaforesaid cylindrical socket in which it is placed and made to revolve,being pierced in its center with a cylindrical cavity to admit the key,and perforated around its periphery with the same number of radialapertures as there are in the before described circular rim andcorresponding therewith when the cylinder or tumbler is turned so as tobring the several pairs of pistons in radial lines. In said apertures inthe revolving cylinder are placed the other pistons F just mentionedused for driving the first named pistons D back out of the apertures inthe tumbler till their ends are coincident with the outer peripliery ofthe tumbler and inner periphery of the rim, in which position thetumbler can be turned for locking and unlocking the bolt. These pistonstwo-thirds their length are of the same diameter as the first namedpistons, the remaining third is reduced in diameter where it passes intothe center cavity of the tumbler, th'e radial apertures in the tumblerbeing made of corresponding shape. When the bolt is thrown Vout in alocked position and the key is withdrawn these -pistons F areI driveninward by the pistons D inV the rim which are forced against them by thesprings G aforesaid, their axes being all in straight radial lines, thevpistons D of the rim C partly entering the apertures in the tumbler Eand .thus locking the tumbler to the. rim. The pistons of the tumblerare of different lengths. The tumbler E is provided witha round hub H inits center that enters a corresponding aperture in the back plate of thebox forming a round box for it to turn in, and having an arm I extendingfrom its periphery that enters the opening J on the bolt B for throwingit in or out of the box or case. The key K used to lock and unlock thislock is a cylinder containing as many wedge shaped cavities or groovesin its periphery as there are pistons-one for each pistonandcorresponding therewith and extending lengthwise of the key from theinner end toward the middle ofthe spindle in inclined planes whichterminate at the circumference thereof, said inclined planes being ofvarious depths to correspond with the different lengths of the innerpistons F so as to cause their outer ends to reach the periphery of thecylindrical tumbler at the instant the key is pushed in as far as itisintended to be inserted. The key is likewise provided with a cog or wardlc which enters a corresponding cavity or notch n made in the tumbler.

The inner plate is perforated with an aperture L for the insertion ofthe key and a segment aperture forming shoulders Z Z against which a pinM projecting from the end of the tumbler E strikes for preventing thetumbler turning too far either way.

The pistons are to be multiplied to any extent required in a single lockand as they are all of different lengths and required to be moved out bythe key different distances the picking of the lock becomes veryditiicult. Some of the pistons of the tumbler are made to enter holessunk in the body of the key when turned to produce this eifect,rendering it still more dificult to open the lock without a knowledge ofthe construction of the key.

The lanes or grooves g and the holes in the periphery of the key shouldbe made as dissimilar as possible.

The pistons F should be fitted and adapted to the tumbler after the keyis finished and inserted, which is effected by various trials.

In order to lock the bolt the key must be pushed in as far as it willgo, the inclined planes of which come in contact with the pistons F ofthe tumbler and force them against the pistons D of the rim and causethem to recede, until their place of union or point of contact iscoincident with the joint etween the inner periphery of the rim C andthe outer periphery ofthe tumbler E as at c c when the latter can beturned and not before-the tumbler is then turned and its arm I broughtin contact with the bolt B which is then thrown either Way. Bywithdrawing the key the springs G instantly throw the' pistons into theapertures in the tumbler and again prevent it from turning. I likewisemodify the construction of the tumbler and bolt of the lock in themanner represented in Figs. 8 and 9 so as to dispense with the co lc onthe key for turning the tumbler an the arm I on the tumbler for throwingthe bolt and the opening J in the bolt and in lieu thereof I insert apin p in the face of the tumbler and make a vertical groove j in thebolt b as represented in Fig. 9 into which said pin p Fig. 8 enters andworks for throwin the bolt horizontally back and forth as t e tumbler isturned to the right or left, said pin p remaining always in said groovej, changing its position vertically as the bolt moves horizontally.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is-The method of throwing the bolt by means l of the pin p Fig. 8 on therotary tumbler Working in a groove in the bolt b Fig. 9 in combinationwith the arrangement of pistons in the rotating tumbler and circular rimas herein described.

LINUS YALE.

Witnesses:

WM. P. ELLIOT, A. E. J oHNsoN.

